The sedimentary domain consists of limestone and carbonaceous rocks, that, where saturated, form productive aquifers. The Loire Valley (French: Vallée de la Loire) lies in the middle stretch of the river, extends for about 280 km (170 mi) and comprises an area of roughly 800 km2 (310 sq mi). Some of these variations had a global nature, such as the expansion of the Mediterranean gull in Europe.
When the Loire and the Vienne rivers meet . [15] The English defeated the French in 1356 and Aquitaine came under English control in 1360. It is also noteworthy for its architectural heritage: in part for its historic towns such as Amboise, Angers, Blois, Chinon, Nantes, Orléans, Saumur, and Tours, but in particular for its castles, such as the Château d'Amboise, Château d'Angers, Château de Chambord, Château de Montsoreau, Château d'Ussé, Château de Villandry and Chenonceau, and also for its many cultural monuments, which illustrate the ideals of the Renaissance and the Age of the Enlightenment on western European thought and design. Laurent de Reyrac).
Les Rosiers-sur-Loire by Jean-Jacques Delusse [fr], 1800. [43] The French government initially rejected the conservation concerns and in 1989 gave the projects the green light. The most common species are the Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), sea trout (Salmo trutta), shads (Alosa alosa and Alosa fallax), sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) European river lamprey (Lampetra fluviatilis) and smelt (Osmerus eperlanus). La Vienne contribue à 1/3 du débit de la Loire à Saumur à 20 km en aval de la confluence, tout au long de l'année avec un petit plus pour la période des hautes eaux ; c'est l'affluent majeur de la Loire, largement devant l'Allier et la Maine. Works on paper > Medium. Two French departments are named after the Vienne: Haute-Vienne (87) in the Limousin region and Vienne (86) both in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region.
Elle continue vers le nord pour recevoir à sa droite son plus important affluent, la Creuse (85 m3/s) qui porte le débit de la Vienne à plus de 200 m3/s à Nouâtre.
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[13] In 877 Charles the Bald died, marking an end to the Carolingian dynasty. Elle reçoit quelques affluents qui contribuent faiblement à une augmentation de son volume, tels le Goire, l'Issoire, la Blourde, la Dive et l'Ozon. Our Tourist Offices . Ground-floor: kitchen - living - sitting (TV/Canal+/satellite, téléséjour phone, modern suspended woodburning stove, wine cellar cupboard).
La lame d'eau écoulée dans le bassin de la Vienne est de 319 millimètres annuellement, et le débit spécifique (Qsp) se monte de ce fait à 10,1 litres par seconde et par kilomètre carré de bassin, soit un niveau équivalent à la moyenne observée sur l'ensemble de la France, mais nettement supérieur aux affluents de la rive droite de la Loire, comme la Sarthe et surtout le Loir. [43] As a result, the WWF and other NGOs established the Loire Vivante (Living Loire) network in 1988 to oppose this and arranged an initial meeting with the French Minister of the Environment. Some notable Châteaux on the Loire include Beaufort- Mareuil sur Cher – Lavoûte-Polignac – Bouthéon – Montrond – Bastie d'Urfé – Château féodal des Cornes d'Urfé – La Roche – Château féodal de Saint-Maurice-sur-Loire – Saint-Pierre-la-Noaille – Chevenon – Palais ducal de Nevers – Saint-Brisson – Gien – La Bussière – Pontchevron – La Verrerie (near Aubigny-sur-Nère) – Sully-sur-Loire – Châteauneuf-sur-Loire – Boisgibault – Meung-sur-Loire – Menars – Talcy – Château de la Ferté – Chambord – Blois – Villesavin – Cheverny – Beauregard – Troussay – Château de Chaumont – Amboise – Clos-Lucé – Langeais – Gizeux – Les Réaux – Montsoreau – Montreuil-Bellay – Saint-Loup-sur-Thouet – Saumur – Boumois – Brissac – Montgeoffroy – Plessis-Bourré – Château des Réaux. The Crémant de Loire which refers to any sparkling wine made according to the traditional method of Champagne. In choosing this area that includes the French départements of Loiret, Loir-et-Cher, Indre-et-Loire, and Maine-et-Loire, the committee said that the Loire Valley is: - Indre-et-Loire. They are dominated by the fire salamander (Salamandra salamandra), frogs and toads. [31], Its main tributaries include the rivers Maine, Nièvre and the Erdre on its right bank, and the rivers Allier, Cher, Indre, Vienne, and the Sèvre Nantaise on the left bank. [27][28] The 261 km (162 mi) Canal de Berry, a narrow canal with locks only 2.7 m (8.9 ft) wide, which was opened in the 1820s and connected the Canal latéral à la Loire at Marseilles-lès-Aubigny to the river Cher at Noyers and back into the Loire near Tours, was closed in 1955. [43] In 1990, Loire Vivante met with the French Prime Minister and the government, successfully, as the government demanded that the EPALA embark upon major reforms in its approach to managing the river. However, the exterior defensive structures, in the form of portcullis and moats surrounding the thick walls of the châteaux' forts were retained. The Vienne rises as a spring in the department of Corrèze, at the foot of Mont Audouze, on the Plateau de Millevaches, near Peyrelevade. [26] But competition from the railway, beginning in the 1840s, caused a decline in trade on the river. [1] It is also known as the Garden of France – due to the abundance of vineyards, fruit orchards, artichoke, asparagus and cherry fields which line the banks of the river[45] – and also as the "cradle of the French language". [33] The most serious floods occurred in 1856, 1866 and 1911. On December 2, 2000, UNESCO added the central part of the Loire valley, between Bouchemaine in Anjou and Sully-sur-Loire in Loiret, to its list of World Heritage Sites.
A salmon restoration program was initiated in the 1980s and included such as measures as removal of two obsolete hydroelectric dams and introduction of juvenile stock. Posted by: Tromel. Château de Blois interior façades in Gothic, Renaissance and Classic styles (from right to left). The Middle Loire is dominated by more Chenin blanc and Cabernet franc wines found in the regions around Touraine, Saumur, Chinon and Vouvray. [5] With a length of 1,006 kilometres (625 mi),[2] it drains 117,054 km2 (45,195 sq mi), more than a fifth of France's land[1] while its average discharge is only half that of the Rhône. The loss of spawning grounds mostly affects the pike (Esox lucius), which is the major predator of the Loire, as well as eel, carp, rudd and salmon. S'écoulant entre le plateau de Millevaches et la plaine de Touraine, elle a la particularité de traverser des paysages extrêmement diversifiés, comme la plupart des cours d'eau issus de l'ouest du Massif central mais qui se jettent plutôt dans la Garonne ou la Gironde (Dordogne, Lot, Tarn). They also began building the city of Caesarodunum, now Tours, from AD 1. The tributaries host brown trout (Salmo trutta), European bullhead (Cottus gobio), European brook lamprey (Lampetra planeri), zander (Sander lucioperca), nase (Chondrostoma nasus and C. toxostoma) and wels catfish (Siluris glanis).
Vend. [43] The French government adopted the Natural Loire River Plan (Plan Loire Grandeur Nature) in January 1994, initiating the decommissioning of three dams on the river. Today the river is officially navigable as far as Bouchemaine,[29] where the Maine joins it near Angers. [40], The river flows through the continental ecoregions of Massif central and Bassin Parisien south and in its Lower course partly through South Atlantic and Brittany. [51], The Loire river has a significant effect on the mesoclimate of the region, adding the necessary extra few degrees of temperature that allows grapes to grow when the areas to the north and south of the Loire Valley have shown to be unfavourable to viticulture. Enclosed parking. La rivière présente des fluctuations saisonnières de débit importantes, avec des hautes eaux d'hiver portant la moyenne mensuelle entre 290 et 362 m3/s de décembre à mars inclus avec un maximum en janvier-février, et des basses eaux d'été, de juillet à octobre inclus, caractérisées par une baisse du débit moyen mensuel jusqu'à un minimum confortable de 62,3 m3 au mois d'août[23].
Jean-Christophe Coutand / ADT Touraine, Collegiate church of Candes-Saint-Martin
With a length of 1,006 kilometres (625 mi), it drains 117,054 km 2 (45,195 sq mi), more than a fifth of France's land while its average discharge is only half that of the Rhône. The Romans successfully subdued the Gauls in 52 BC and began developing Cenabum, which they named Aurelianis. One-level house. [6], The Loire Valley has been called the "Garden of France" and is studded with over a thousand châteaux, each with distinct architectural embellishments covering a wide range of variations,[7] from the early medieval to the late Renaissance periods. Their total mass is low when the river flow exceeds 800 m3/s (28,000 cu ft/s) and become significant at flows of 300 m3/s (11,000 cu ft/s) or lower which occur in summer.
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