[16], The 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake was initially documented as having a moment magnitude of 8.8. The refracted tsunami waves inundated the southwestern part of Sri Lanka after some of its energy was reflected from impact with the Maldives.[69]. In fact, today, the only visible signs of the catastrophic events that happened 10 years previously are some discreetly placed tsunami evacuation routes. Mais revenons à la vitesse de la vague. [needs update][130] UNEP has decided to earmark a US$1 million emergency fund and to establish a Task Force to respond to requests for technical assistance from countries affected by the tsunami. The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) is working with governments of the region in order to determine the severity of the ecological impact and how to address it.
The town was among the first settlements located on the west coast, to be impacted by the initial tsunami wave. [145] The announcement was a false alarm, and the Home Affairs minister withdrew their announcement.
It has been theorized that the tsunamis were focused and directed at long ranges by the mid-ocean ridges which run along the margins of the continental plates.[51]. Lors du tsunami de 2004, les vagues ont atteint jusqu'à 15 m sur les côtes indonésiennes, TSUNAMI, malaysia, indonesia, thailand 2004, japan 2011, 津波は、海の怒り、悲劇� Mais pour le chercheur Kazuhiko Toda, la hauteur de la vague du tsunami du 11 mars n'est pas le reflet de sa force réelle car elle a été réduite par des briseurs de vague et autres. Khao Lak, in Phang Na province, sits on the coast and is the most exposed part – it is the most easterly part of land and closest geographically to India and the site of the tsunami. The third wave was the strongest, with a maximum tsunami wave height of 11 m (36 ft). [90] The Puntland coast in northern Somalia was by far the area hardest hit by the waves to the west of the Indian subcontinent. La mer montait trop vite pour pouvoir fuir. En Suisse, la Chaîne du bonheur récoltera 227 millions de francs pour l'aide aux victimes et à la reconstruction. Loading... Close. Of all the moment released by earthquakes in the 100 years from 1906 through 2005, roughly one eighth was due to the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake. Les tsunamis sont générés par le jeu de failles sous marines provoquant un mouvement vertical du fond marin. An oceanic trench several kilometres wide was exposed in the earthquake zone.[40]. It has been reported that severe damage has been inflicted on ecosystems such as mangroves, coral reefs, forests, coastal wetlands, vegetation, sand dunes and rock formations, animal and plant biodiversity and groundwater. Le bulletin réaffirme qu'il n'y a pas de risque de tsunami dans le Pacifique mais il fait mention d'un risque de tsunami près de l'épicentre. [RTS]. [citation needed], Since 1900, the only earthquakes recorded with a greater magnitude were the 1960 Great Chilean earthquake (magnitude 9.5) and the 1964 Good Friday earthquake in Prince William Sound (magnitude 9.2). However, tourists were reluctant to do so for psychological reasons. L. Orientations et hauteur des vagues du tsunami, 26 décembre 2004, Sumatra nord, secteur de Banda Aceh La particularité du tsunami de 2004 au nord de Sumatra est sa progression dans les terres La hauteur maximale de vague, calculée en eaux profondes, varie de 5 cm à 3 mètres. Women in Aceh required a special approach from foreign aid agencies, and continue to have unique needs. La vérification e-mail a échoué, veuillez réessayer. This video is unavailable. Search. Des centres d'alerte reçoivent et traitent ces données puis sont chargées d'alerte les autorités et les populations en cas de tsunami. [146], The tsunami had a severe humanitarian and political impact in Sweden. The 2004 tsunami travelled via Andaman Sea and hit the south-west coast of Thailand, which was about 500 km (310 mi) from the epicentre. [80], The tsunami arrived in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands minutes after the earthquake causing extensive devastation to the islands' environment. D'abord totalement sous-estimée, sa hauteur sera ensuite réévaluée... L'alerte est également donnée dans tout le pacifique.. The tsunami survey was carried out in Little Andaman, South Andaman, mainly in and around Port Blair, Car Nicobar along the Kankana-Mus sector, and Great Nicobar. . Approximately 90,000 buildings, many wooden houses, were destroyed.[73].
Certaines zones côtières de cet Etat étaient le théâtre de scènes de désolation: villages entiers ensevelis sous les eaux, ambulances transportant des corps. En vidéo, le témoignage des touristes rapatriés le lendemain du drame, diffusé dans le 12h45 du 27 décembre. [citation needed], The significant shielding of Port Blair and Campbell Bay by steep mountainous outcrops contributed to the relatively low wave heights at these locations, whereas the open terrain along the eastern coast at Malacca and Hut Bay contributed to the great height of the tsunami waves.[84][88]. In Malacca located on the island of Car Nicobar, there were three tsunami waves. Plusieurs raisons expliquent que le bilan de la catastrophe s'établit à 230'000 morts, ce qui fait du tsunami de Sumatra le plus meurtrier de l'histoire. marie sophie 08/06/2011. An estimated 1,600 km (1,000 mi) of fault surface slipped (or ruptured) about 15 m (50 ft) along the subduction zone where the Indian Plate slides (or subducts) under the overriding Burma Plate. Il est 6h25 en Suisse, l'agence de presse suisse ATS publie sa première dépêche concernant la catastrophe. Identically to Sri Lanka, survivors reported three waves with the second wave being the most powerful. Tsunami heights in Khao Lak were much higher than on Phuket Island. Within 2–3 km (1.2–1.9 mi) of the shoreline, houses, except for strongly-built reinforced concrete ones with brick walls, which seemed to have been partially damaged by the earthquake before the tsunami attack, were swept away or destroyed by the tsunami. Un mur d'eau énorme évalué à plus de 15 mètres de hauteur ! Dans l'après-midi, le DFAE met en place un numéro d'urgence pour les proches des touristes qui se trouvent dans les zones frappées. ( Déconnexion / [39], In February 2005, the Royal Navy vessel HMS Scott surveyed the seabed around the earthquake zone, which varies in depth between 1,000 and 5,000 m (550 and 2,730 fathoms; 3,300 and 16,400 ft). The effects of the mega quake, the third largest magnitude ever recorded after the Chilean quake of 1960 and the prince William sound quake of 1964, were particularly devastating in comparison. [33], The earthquake generated a seismic oscillation of the Earth's surface of up to 200–300 mm (8–12 in), equivalent to the effect of the tidal forces caused by the Sun and Moon.
Plus de 500 mètres. [82] In Chuckchucha and Lapati, the tsunami arrived in a three-wave cycle with a maximum tsunami wave height of 12 m (39 ft). At this point, the India Plate subducts beneath the Burma Plate, which carries the Nicobar Islands, the Andaman Islands, and northern Sumatra.
Another factor is that some coasts of Taninthayi Division were protected by offshore islands of the Myeik Archipelago. Un tsunami qui ne mesure que quelques centimètres du creux à la crête peut atteindre 30 à 50 mètres de haut à son arrivée sur les côtes, où il peut faire dès lors d'importants dégâts. "On n'a pas compris ce qui se passait". Other aftershocks of up to magnitude 6.6 continued to shake the region daily for three or four months. Les premiers blessés amenés à l'hôpital de Krabi, au sud de la Thaïlande.
Dans un fjord, lac… Si autour c’est montagneux et quelque peu instable, cela peut produire des tsunamis potentiellement dévastateurs et meurtriers. Consequently, tsunami runup heights vary from 5 m (16 ft) to 9 m (30 ft) with inundation distances varying from 44 m (144 ft) to 704 m (2,310 ft).
A second team found similar evidence of previous tsunamis in Aceh, a province at the northern tip of Sumatra; radiocarbon dating of bark fragments in the soil below the second sand layer led the scientists to estimate that the most recent predecessor to the 2004 tsunami probably occurred between A.D. 1300 and 1450. De plus si un bateau se trouve à l'endroit où le tsunami se crée, celui-ci ne sentira rien ; à cet endroit l'amplitude de la vague est de l'ordre du centimètre, Le tsunami du 26 Décembre 2004 a eu des conséquences importantes tant au niveau social qu'économique. [74][page needed], The highest-recorded tsunami run-up measured 19.6 m (64 ft) at Ban Thung Dap, on the south-west tip of Ko Phra Thong Island and the second-highest at 15.8 m (52 ft) at Ban Nam Kim. Peninsular Malaysia was shielded by the full force of the tsunami due to the protection offered by the island of Sumatra, which lies just off the western coast. Tsunami en Indonésie, les chiffres-clés [RTS]. However, when the seawalls were made of loose stones, the stones were displaced and carried a few metres inland. Ce sont elles qui décèlent concrètement la présence d'un tsunami. There were no tsunami warning systems in the Indian Ocean to detect tsunamis or to warn the general population living around the ocean. Ce site utilise Akismet pour réduire les indésirables. Additionally, amateur footage recorded in the middle of the city captured an approaching black surge flowing down the city streets, full of debris, inundating them. 1400. Moreover, the cost of damage in the transport sector was reported in the tens of thousands. Scientists investigating the damage in Aceh found evidence that the wave reached a height of 24 m (80 ft) when coming ashore along large stretches of the coastline, rising to 30 m (100 ft) in some areas when travelling inland. Despite a delay of up to several hours between the earthquake and the impact of the tsunami, nearly all of the victims were taken by surprise. Le plus grave Tsunami du 26 décembre 2004 - images intimes d'une catastrophe; Комментарии • 2 152. Crédits : NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory et http://www.flashespace.com, En bref : séisme de 8,7 et alerte au tsunami dans l'océan Indien, Diaporama - Tsunami / Raz-de-marée - Asie 26 décembre 2004. Mega Tsunami: Vague de 523 Metres! A series of massive tsunami waves grew up to 30 m (100 ft) high once heading inland, after being created by the underwater seismic activity offshore. The direct results caused major disruptions to living conditions and commerce in coastal provinces of surrounded countries, including Aceh, Indonesia, Sri Lanka, Tamil Nadu, India and Khao Lak, Thailand. Also, Italy offered US$95 million, increased later to US$113 million of which US$42 million was donated by the population using the SMS system[154], According to USAID, the US has pledged additional funds in long-term U.S. support to help the tsunami victims rebuild their lives. En raison de l'absence d'un centre d'alerte sur les tsunamis dans l'océan Indien, aucune mise en garde n'est diffusée dans les pays concernés avant l'arrivée des raz-de-marée. The tsunami has not dented the charm of Khao Lak, it is still as beautiful as ever and with the rebuilding, remains one of the most idyllic places to visit when in Thailand. Each of these megathrust earthquakes also spawned tsunamis in the Pacific Ocean.
The tsunami also reached Antarctica, where tidal gauges at Japan's Showa Base recorded oscillations of up to a metre (3 ft 3 in), with disturbances lasting a couple of days. [138] Saudi cleric Muhammad Al-Munajjid attributed it to divine retribution against non-Muslim vacationers "who used to sprawl all over the beaches and in pubs overflowing with wine" during Christmas break. The flow depth at the city was just at the level of the second floor, and there were large amounts of debris piled along the streets and in the ground-floor storefronts. [citation needed] Inundation limit was found to be up to 1.25 km (0.78 mi) inland.
ue, la vague ralentit et se redresse : sa hauteur augmente. Banda Aceh, the closest major city was particularly affected, suffering severe casualties. Le tremblement de terre est initialement estimé à 6,4 sur l'échelle de Richter par le Bureau de géophysique de Djakarta. According to interviews, the leading wave produced an initial depression, called a tsunami drawback or "disappearing sea" effect and the second wave was larger.
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