The featured topics are presented in the form of excerpts from documents, coming from selected sources. […], IS-Khorasan chose to base itself in Afghanistan’s Nangarhar Province, a strategic location bordering Pakistan’s tribal areas. The other reports of the series can be found at following links:• EASO COI Report: Afghanistan - Criminal Law, customary justice and informal dispute resolution (July 2020) • EASO COI Report: Afghanistan - State Structure and Security Forces (August 2020) • EASO COI Report: Afghanistan - Anti-Government Elements (August 2020) • EASO COI Report: Afghanistan - Key socio-economic indicators. A presidential election took place on 28 September 2019. )” [ACLED coded fatalities as 0] (ACLED, 26 January 2021) The Taliban maintained pressure on key transportation axes and urban centres, including vulnerable provincial capitals such as in Farah, Kunduz, Helmand and Kandahar Provinces. German language translations/summaries of these quotations are available when you switch to ecoi.net’s German language interface. [x] Friederike Stahlmann is a researcher at the Max Planck Institute for Social Anthropology (Germany) with a focus on Afghanistan. AFGHANISTAN. The Taliban’s organisational structure is hierarchical, with an Amir ul – Muminin (Commander of the Faithful) on the top. EASO COUNTRY OF ORIGIN INFORMATION REPORT: AFGHANISTAN - SECURITY SITUATION 2.26.3 Recent security trends and impact on the civilian population .....235 2.27 Paktya .....238 In addition, there was no agreement by the parties to reduce violence in the first three months of 2021, which could have had a significant positive impact on civilians, as the reduction in violence week had in February 2020.” (UNAMA, April 2021, p. 1), “Anti-Government Elements continued to be responsible for the majority, 61 per cent, of all civilian casualties in the first three months of 2021, while Pro-Government Forces continued to cause approximately one quarter (27 per cent) of the total civilian casualties. The group announced two deputies: Mullah Yaqub (son of Mullah Umar) and Sirajuddin Haqqani (operational commander of the Haqqani Network).” (CRS, 19 May 2017, p. 16)[xi], “The Taliban is an umbrella organization comprising loosely connected insurgent groups, including more or less autonomous groups with varying degrees of loyalty to the leadership and the idea of The Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan. Who drove them out is, however, contested: the government, the Taleban and local people have all claimed the victory. ecoi.net is supported by ECRE & UNHCR. The force has had a mixed record, with some units effectively and with determination defending their communities, while others have behaved so badly they have generated support for the Taleban. (NYT, 21 January 2021). These figures show a 21 percent decrease in the number of civilian casualties. Taliban militants launch attacks on government personnel, security forces, and civilians in Afghanistan on a near-daily basis. [ix] The UN General Assembly (UNGA) is one of the six principal organs of the United Nations and the only one in which all member nations have equal representation. [vii] The Afghanistan Independent Human Rights Commission (AIHRC) is a national human rights organisation in Afghanistan, dedicated to promoting, protecting and monitoring human rights and the investigation of human rights abuses. https://www.ecoi.net/.../featured-topics/general-security-situation-in-afghanistan Any hope of lucrative investments in Afghanistan quickly evaporated with the deteriorating security situation forcing all major projects to a stop. ISIS: The data recorded by AIHRC show that the number of civilian casualties due to ISIS attacks decreased by 21 percent in 2020 compared to 2019. The truck bomb in the provincial capital of Pul-e Alam also wounded more than 90 people, interior ministry says. Become a member of EIN to access case law, country reports and bundles. Insurgent Groups The February 2020 U.S.-Taliban agreement envisions the end of the U.S. military effort in Afghanistan, but it does not represent a comprehensive peace settlement among Afghans. [xiii] The United Nations Security Council (UNSC), one of the six main organs of the UN, is responsible for maintaining international peace and security. They comprise the largest protracted refugee population in Asia, and the second largest refugee population in the world. Final results were declared on 18 February 2020. Over the three days of Eid (24-26 May), UNAMA documented 45 per cent fewer civilian casualties than the average three-day period for May 2020, amounting to 49 civilian casualties (27 killed and 22 injured).” (UNAMA, July 2020, p. 6)[iv], “After the signing of the U.S.-Taliban Agreement and the issuance of the U.S.-Afghanistan Joint Declaration on February 29, attacks against U.S. and coalition forces largely stopped, but violence against Afghan security forces and civilians continued, even after the start of intra-Afghan negotiations on September 12.” (USDOS, 30 March 2021)[v], “Even more so than previously [before the US-Taleban agreement], this is now an intra-Afghan war.
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