19), • Feb. 2015: AlSat-2A is operational. B2): 0.53-060 µm (green Le troisième satellite algérien (Alsat 3) sera lancé “entre 2013 et 2014”. En effet, l’Algérie qui dispose actuellement de 5 satellites (trois dans le domaine de l’observation de la terre, un de démonstration technologique et un autre de télécommunications) vient encore une fois de démontrer sa maitrise de la technologie spatiale. Figure 14: Identification and delimitation of burned zones acquired by AlSat-2A on September 6, 2014 in the Oued Soudane Forest (image credit: ASAL, W.Skikda), • The AlSat-2A spacecraft and its payload are operating nominally in 2013. It should be noticed here that along these two years, the obtained results fulfill the requirements and all of them fall under the specifications. Figure 11: AlSat-2A operation modes with different pointing configurations (image credit: ASAL), - MAS (Mode Acquisition et Survie) or Acquisition and Safe mode, which performs spacecraft solar pointing; it is used either for the first acquisition or the safe mode. Figure 2 shows the platform mechanical accommodation; all 4 panels of the structure fold out during integration, allowing easy access to all equipment during platform integration. - Forest fires are another application of satellite data as shown in Figure 14. AlSat-2 (Algeria Satellite-2) Spacecraft Launch Mission Status Sensor Complement References. - 4 Reaction Wheels (0.12 Nms) En effet, le lanceur PSLV C-35 de l’agence spatiale indienne (ISRO) a mis en orbite 8 satellites, dont 3 satellites algériens, précise l’agence dans un communiqué.Alsat-1B est le deuxième satellite algérien d’observation de la terre à moyenne résolution, lancé par l’Algérie après Alsat-1. Further secondary payloads on this flight were: • AISSat-1 (Automatic Identification System Satellite-1), a nanosatellite (6.5 kg) of Norway with program management by the FFI (Norwegian Defense Research Establishment). The attitude determination during the nominal mode is carried out by three gyroscopes and a star tracker. The EPS (Electric Power Subsystem) features an AsGa solar array providing a power of 180 W (EOL). It consists on setting the concerned wheel OFF then ON, and currently, the wheels are still working without any problems. Gyro propagation allows to smooth-out star tracker noise and to continue ensuring accurate attitude determination when no star tracker (SST) updating is possible. Alsat-1 C'est le premier satellite artificiel algérien. Background: AlSat-1 of CNTS is being flown in the DMC (Disaster Monitoring Constellation), a 5 spacecraft optical imaging constellation developed and coordinated by SSTL (Surrey Satellite Technology Ltd), UK. 5). In-orbit performance: Throughout the last 6 years in orbit, AlSat-2A has provided a great performance in terms of AOCS stability and agility. 22), • During the first two years of operations many OCMs (Orbit Control Maneuvers) were executed: 10 of them were regular station keeping OCM performed for ground track corrections and 2 OCMs were performed as emergency collision avoidance maneuvers. • The injection orbit delivered by PSLV-C15 was 33 km lower than the target orbit with an inclination difference of 0.1º. The star tracker in this case will be directly blinded by the earth for some periods reaching 20 minutes of unavailability measurements. A GPS receiver is used for onboard location and time services. - In the case where there is a mission plan uploaded containing the different maneuvers of imaging, day/night and night/day transitions. - The mirror surface can to be polished down to a roughness of a few angstrom (1Å= 10-10 m). The pupil diameter is no more sized to comply with SNR requirements which can be achieved by increasing the number of TDI stages and is only driven by MTF (Modulation Transfer Function) requirement. The focal plane accommodates detectors, filters and front-end electronics. The launch site was SDSC (Satish Dhawan Space Center) on the east coast of India. 20). • BlackSky Pathfinder-1, a high-resolution (1 m) imaging microsatellite (~44 kg) of BlackSky Global. Le satellite algerien Alsat-1. BlackSky Global is a commercial company of Seattle, WA, USA. Ainsi en 2010, la fusée indienne PSLV a mis sur orbite le satellite algérien d'observation de la Terre Alsat-2A. Un lanceur spatial algérien est en cours de préparation finale. =article&id=181%3Aus-clears-launch-of- Alsat-2A, est un satellite d'observation de la Terre à haute résolution, il a été intégré et testé en France, dans les locaux d'EADS Astrium avec la participation de 29 ingénieurs algériens. The camera has a mass of 13 kg. Le lancement du troisième satellite algérien ALSAT 3 pourrait intervenir au mois de janvier 2014 depuis le site de lancement de Hammaguir (dépendant d’Al-Abadla), à 120 kilomètres au Sud-Ouest de Béchar (Sud-Ouest de l’Algérie). The design life is 5 years. However, the reaction wheels, like all the equipments in space, are facing the external harsh environment to which the FDIR (Fault Detection Isolation and Recovery) strategy has been implemented to overcome these constraints especially for the SEUs (Single Upset Events). B Benbouzid, J. J Arnoux, E. Chinal, C Massol, P. Rouchit(1), S. de Zotti, "NAOMI instrument: a product line of compact & versatile cameras designed for high resolution missions in Earth observation," Proceedings of the 7th ICSO (International Conference on Space Optics) 2008, Toulouse, France, Oct. 14-17, 2008, 30) Information provided by Hervé Lambert of EADS Astrium SAS, Toulouse, France. Selon l’ASAL, il permettra de prendre des images de la terre, dans le cadre de sa mission de protection de l'environnement et des différents écosystèmes naturels. The goal of BlackSky Global is to build a constellation of 60 satellites by 2019. UTIAS/SFL refers to this service as NLS-6 (Nanosatellite Launch Service-6). Un article de Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre. The satellite is allowed to drift to an LTAN of 8:45, orbital period of 99.19 minutes. Son orbite est héliosynchrone et il a été placé à une altitude approximative de 700 kilomètres sur inclinaison de 98°. This center is located in the town of Bir El-Djir in Oran and is an operational entity of ASAL (Algerian Space Agency). • StudSat (Student Satellite), a picosatellite (1 kg) built by a consortium of seven Engineering colleges from Hyderabad and Bangalore, India. The gyro stellar main performances as the estimated quaternion, the angular rate, the SST innovation and the estimated gyro drift are illustrated in Figures 9 and 10, respectively. For the estimated drift, we can say that it is stable along this period. Figure 25: Functional block diagram of the NIEU (image credit: EADS Astrium SAS), 2) P. B. de Selding, "Algeria Buys Two Small Remote Sensing Satellites - EADS To Train 25 Algerian Aerospace Engineers," Space News, Feb. 6, 2006, 3) M. Bekhti, "Algeria's Space Program for the Sustainable Development," Proceedings of the 57th IAC/IAF/IAA (International Astronautical Congress), Valencia, Spain, Oct. 2-6, 2006, IAC-06-B5.1.04, 4) Dominique. 13). It consists of two main parts: • the MEV is in charge of frontend operation, video processing, A/D conversion and transmission to the ICM via very high-speed digital link. Le programme Alsat-2 comprend également la mise en œuvre de deux segments au sol de contrôle et d'un terminal image permettant l'exploitation et le pilotage des satellites depuis le territoire algérien. Alsat- 2B est le deuxième satellite d'observation de la terre à haute résolution, placé sur une orbite située à 670 Km d’altitude et ce, après Alsat-2A en orbite depuis juillet 2010. ALSAT-2A was built and tested by Airbus Defence and Space in Toulouse in partnership with 30 engineers from ASAL, while ALSAT-2B was integrated by ASAL's engineers themselves in-country at Algeria's Satellite Development Centre (UDPS) in Oran. Orbit: Sun-synchronous orbit of SCATSat-1, altitude = 720 km, inclination = 98.1º, LTAN = 9:30 hours. Le lancement du troisième satellite algérien ALSAT 3 pourrait intervenir au mois de janvier 2014 depuis le site de lancement de Hammaguir (dépendant d’Al-Abadla), à 120 kilomètres au Sud-Ouest de Béchar (Sud-Ouest de l’Algérie). The TT&C and payload data are being acquired at the Arzew station complex in western Algeria (Oran region), where the imagery is analyzed and from where the spacecraft is being controlled. The system will enable Algeria to obtain very high quality images for use in a wide variety of applications: cartography, management of agriculture, forestry, water, mineral and oil resources, crop protection, management of natural disasters and land planning. Table 2: Specification of the NAOMI instrument 30). watts. An example is given in Figure 13. 27). %3Apress-releases&Itemid=100, 11) "Launch of PLSV-C15 rescheduled," April 29, 2010, URL: http://www.isro.org/pressrelease/scripts/pressreleasein.aspx?Apr29_2010, 13) "PSLV-C35 / SCATSAT-1, ISRO, Sept. 26, 2016, URL: http://www.isro.gov.in/launcher/pslv-c35-scatsat-1, 14) "PISAT nanosatellite ready for space launch in July 2016," PES News, April 20, 2016, URL: http://news.pes.edu/pisat-nanosatellite-ready-for-space-launch-in-july-2016/, 15) "SSTL announces successful launch of AlSat-1B," SSTL, Sept. 26, 2016, URL: https://www.sstl.co.uk/Press/2016-News-Archive/ The spacecraft has a mass of 120 kg. 12). Figure 17: AlSat-2A image of the Greek capital Athens with NAOMI in Sept. 2010 (image credit: ASAL). SSTL-announces-successful-launch-of-AlSat-1B, 16) "Successful launch of ALSAT 2B completes Airbus Defence and Space's ALSAT Program," Airbus DS, Sept. 27, 2016, URL: https://airbusdefenceandspace.com/newsroom/news-and- Il a pour objectif principal la gestion des ressources naturelles du territoire algérien. The MEV is the backend part of the NAOMI detection electronics. The data fusion is usually done in an estimation filter, so commonly this method is referred to as inertial stellar or gyro stellar estimation. Les images prises par Alsat-2B viennent augmenter la fréquence des prises de vue et renforcer les capacités de … - MNO (Mode Normal Operational), used for fine attitude pointing (500 µrad pointing performance); it is based on a gyro-stellar measurements. — ALSAT-2B has a mass of 125 kg and has a metric-cube size of 60 x 60 x 130 cm. Alsat-1B est le deuxième satellite algérien d'observation de la terre, à moyenne résolution, lancé par l'Algérie après Alsat-1. • PISAT, a student-built nanosatellite (5.3 kg) of PES University in Bengaluru, India. Figure 6: SST unavailability period (sec) during two years in orbit (image credit: ASAL), Figure 7: Standard deviation of the gyros estimated drift during two years in orbit (image credit: ASAL). Hence, it is of strategic importance for ASAL (Algerian Space Agency) to master and use space technologies for disaster management. - Gyro-stellar attitude determination 18 ingénieurs algériens ont utilisé le satellite comme outil pédagogique durant leur formation dans l'université du Surrey au Royaume-Uni. L'exploitation des données obtenues par le satellite sera effectué par des chercheurs algériens et britanniques[9]. The primary payload on this flight was SCATSat-1 of ISRO. Lancé en 2002 à partir du centre spatial Plesetsk en Russie, il a été réalisé grâce à un partenariat avec le Royaume-Uni via Surrey Space Technology (SSTL). Four reaction wheels mounted in pyramidal configuration aimed to increase the angular momentum and finally a propulsion subsystem with four thrusters for orbit control. La capture et la réception de la première image couleur prise par le nano-satellite algérien Alsat 1N, le 3 décembre dernier, constitue une « première nationale » dans le domaine d’imagerie satellitaire par nano-satellites, a-t-on appris auprès de l’Agence spatiale algérienne (ASAL). So, in Figures 6 and 7, we present the observed SST unavailability periods through these last two years, we can notice that the SST availability is about 98% of the time when there is a mission plan uploaded and when there is no mission plan the SST availability falls down to 66%. Alsat-1B est un microsatellite d'observation de la Terre de moyenne résolution construit utilisant une plate-forme SSTL-100[5]. Figure 2: AstroSat 100 platform with mechanical accommodation of elements (image credit: Astrium SAS) 8). Figure 9: 02 March 2019, with mission plan uploaded. 10), The primary spacecraft on this flight was CartoSat-2B of India (694 kg), funded by the Ministry of Defense of the Government of India. - 2 S-band transceivers for communication (CCSDS, 20 kbit/s TC, 25-384 kbit/s TM), - X band downlink: 60 Mbit/s Figure 12: AlSat-2A reaction wheel in pyramid configuration (image credit: ASAL). Il est un jumeau d'Alsat-2A, Il a été intégré au centre de développement de satellites (CDS) à Oran [3]. Alsat-1 est le premier satellite d'observation de la Terre algérien. In addition, there is a Li-ion battery of 15 Ah capacity. Il a été lancé par une fusée PSLV le 12 juillet 2010 depuis le Centre spatial de Satish Dhawan situé à Sriharikota près de la métropole de Chennai (sud de l'Inde). 21) The high-resolution imagery allows Algeria to improve and update the base and thematic mapping throughout the national territory. 29) P. Luquet, A. Chikouche, A. Alsat-2B est opérationnel[4]. En effet, le lanceur PSLV C-35 de l’agence spatiale indienne (ISRO) a mis en orbite 8 satellites, dont 3 satellites algériens, précise l’agence dans un communiqué. The NIEU represents the core of the electrical architecture. Mais il fait également partie du programme Disaster Monitoring Constellation (DMC), visant à … Ses images sont utilisées pour la gestion des catastrophes naturelles et la protection de l'environnement[6]. Mis en orbite par le lanceur indien PSLV-C 35 le 26 septembre 2016, pour une durée de vie nominale de cinq (05) ans, le satellite … Note: In July 2009, a TSA (Technical Safeguards Agreement) between the US and India was signed during Secretary of State Hillary Clinton's visit to India. A hydrazine propulsion subsystem (N2H4, ΔV = 70 m/s) is being used for on-orbit maintenance. — The description here deals with AlSat-2A. Le programme Alsat est une famille de satellites artificiels algériens gérés par l'Agence spatiale algérienne (ASAL) et réalisés dans le cadre de programme spatial algérien d'horizon 2020. 18.5 kg (including video electronics mass memory and payload internal harness). The SST innovations and the estimated gyro drifts are illustrated in figures 9 and 10 where it can be seen clearly the effect of the earth blinding gaps on the SST innovations, a peak value occurs each time at the end of the earth blinding, no gyro drift calculation are done on this moment and the estimator will propagate the attitude. 15). Selon l’ASAL, le satellite AlSat-3 fait partie de l'engagement de l'Algérie envers la Constellation satellitaire africaine pour la gestion des ressources (ARMC), une coopération spatiale conjointe entre le pays, le Kenya, le Nigeria et l'Afrique du Sud. C'est le premier satellite artificiel algérien. The filters feature high band transmission, and sharp spectral band edges as illustrated in Figure 21. — Algeria is exposed to quite a few natural disasters such as locust invasion, forest fires, floods, earthquakes, landslides, movement of dunes, etc. Le lancement du troisième satellite algérien ALSAT 3, pourrait intervenir au mois de janvier 2014, depuis le site de lancement de Hammaguir, au Sud-ouest de l'Algérie. In order to further improve the attitude accuracy, multi-sensor data fusion is the common approach. The AlSat-2A spacecraft and its payload are operating nominally in the spring of 2017 - in their 7th year on orbit. The primary structure is composed of three main parts: a baseplate, a cylindrical tube with a spider supporting the secondary mirror, and the focal plane. 18). - ALSAT-2B delivers a high-resolution products consisting of a 2.5m resolution for the panchromatic band, and a 10 m resolution for the four multispectral bands, with a 17.5 km swath for both modes. Figure 3: Illustration of the AlSAT-2 spacecraft (image credit: EADS Astrium SAS), Aluminum bus structure, Size: 60 cm x 60 cm x 100 cm, AOCS (Attitude & Orbit Control Subsystem), - Magnetic autonomous acquisition It carries an Earth imaging payload with panchromatic and multispectral cameras. Following this agreement, the US Government has given clearance in August 2009 for launch by ISRO of the Algerian satellites ALSat-2A and ALSat-2B, which have US components, on board an Indian space launch vehicle. The optical filtering is ensured by highly integrated filters, including masks to minimize spectral cross-talk. Note: CNTS is also known by the name of CTS/ASAL (Centre of Space Techniques/Algerian Space Agency). - The assessment has been done throughout two years in orbit for the attitude estimator in terms of performance. - Satellite pointing modes: During the nominal mode the satellite will be in sun pointing i.e. - Comments and corrections to this article are always welcome for further updates (herb.kramer@gmx.net). Le satellite algérien ’’Alsat 2’’ sera prochainement lancé et mis sur orbite, a annoncé avant-hier soir à Saida au terme de la première journée de sa visite de travail dans la wilaya le ministre de la Poste et des Technolo - Autonomous GPS position determination The very good detector characteristics (high MTF and high quantum efficiency) significantly contribute to the instrument optical performance. Ils ont les caractéristiques suivantes[1] : Les deux satellites forment une constellation, ce qui permet d'augmenter la fréquence de prise de vues . AlSat-2A performs the maneuvers to reach ±30º either being in along-track or in cross-track. The AlSat-2B spacecraft is scheduled for launch in 2014 (same orbital plane as AlSat-2A). All the elements are designed to cope with a multi-modules implementation capability. AISSat-1 was built by UTIAS/SFL (University of Toronto, Institute for Aerospacestudies/Space Flight Laboratory), Toronto, Canada. On July 12, 2011, the AlSat-2A spacecraft was one year on orbit. Spacecraft Launch Mission Status Sensor Complement References, AlSat-2 is an optical Earth observation project of CNTS (Algerian National Space Technology Centre). Figure 5 shows a comparison of the inertial attitude (gyro measurement), the optical attitude (SST measurement) and the estimated attitude from the fused (gyro plus SST) data. L'objectif de la mission était le test de comportement de trois charges utiles innovantes : caméra, films solaire, mesure de radiation. Antrix Corporation Ltd. of Bangalore, India, is the launch provider and marketing arm of ISRO (Indian Space Research Organization). They have an incorporated isostatic foot. The video signal from the F2EM is received, adapted and digitally converted to 12 bit in the MEV. - MGT (Mode Grossier de Transition) or Coarse Transition Mode, used to perform a coarse pointing support. Figure 21: Spectral response of the optical filters (image credit: EADS Astrium SAS), Figure 22: Optical design of the telescope (image credit: EADS Astrium SAS), Figure 23: Illustration of the NAOMI instrument and its interfaces (image credit: EADS Astrium SAS). Figure 19: Overview of NAOMI detection chain (image credit: EADS Astrium SAS), Figure 20: Photo of the area array detector (image credit: EADS Astrium), - Korsch telescope with a TMA design in SiC The spacecraft structure is an aluminum box of size: 60 cm x 60 cm x 100 cm. - An accurate attitude information is often essential for space applications. Il est à signaler qu’Alsat-1B est le deuxième satellite algérien d’observation de la terre à moyenne résolution, lancé par l’Algérie après Alsat-1. • April 2017: The Algerian Space Agency is operating the AlSat-2 system, a constellation of two identical satellites AlSat-2A and AlSat-2B — providing products of 2.5 m resolution for the panchromatic band, and a 10 m resolution in four multispectral bands, on a swath of 17.5 swath for both modes. La dernière modification de cette page a été faite le 28 mars 2021 à 11:09. AlSat-2 is an optical Earth observation project of CNTS (Algerian National Space Technology Centre). • December 15, 2016: According to WMO OSCAR, the AlSat-2A and -2B satellites are operational. s.Operations.2-FDOP2/S14_P2_ISSFD22_PF_014.pdf, 28) Eric Maliet, Laure Brooker, Dominique Pawlak, "Global High Resolution Imaging for new Markets," Proceedings of the 59th IAC (International Astronautical Congress), Glasgow, Scotland, UK, Sept. 29 to Oct. 3, 2008, IAC-08-B1.2.7. Il est construit par une équipe algéro-britannique dans le cadre de la mise en œuvre de l'accord de coopération signé entre l'Agence spatiale algérienne et l'Agence spatiale du Royaume-Uni.
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